GSTM1 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Previous studies have demonstrated that serum Hb concentrations are significantly higher in patients with NAFLD than in healthy control populations [17,18], and a cross-sectional study showed that elevated concentrations of circulating Hb increase proportionally with the level of steatosis in patients with NAFLD in Mexico, which suggests that Hb acts as an antioxidant [19].