High LAD1 expression may contribute to the aggressiveness of PCa by regulating cells in cell proliferation and invasion, since high LAD1 expression is correlated with the increased expression of genes in cell proliferation and invasion (PCNA, CyclinD1, Survivin, MMP9 and N-cadherin) and the downregulation of epithelial gene (E-cadherin). Here, MMP9 is linked to posterior cortical atrophy.