Furthermore, injection of α-gal nanoparticles into the post-MI heart of GT-KO mice lacking anti-Gal (i.e., not immunized with pig kidney membranes homogenate) resulted in fibrosis and scar formation, as well (Figure 3B; Supplementary Figure 2B), rather than in extensive myocardial restoration of structure, observed in anti-Gal producing mice. Here, GAL is linked to myocardial infarction.