The involvement of periostin has been well described across a spectrum of allergic, inflammatory and fibrotic conditions including inflammatory conditions of the respiratory tract (asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, allergic rhinitis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis), systemic sclerosis and scleroderma, atherosclerosis, fibrosis, renal interstitial fibrosis, hepatic fibrosis, inflammatory bowel disease and others (83). This evidence concerns the gene POSTN and allergic rhinitis.