BSMCs treated with polyI:C alone displayed an increase in the mRNA expression of FN1 and COL1A1 compared to untreated cells (Figures 5A–D), and this effect was observed to a higher extent in asthma and COPD as compared to control groups (p < 0.05) (Figures 5A–D and Table S1A). Here, FN1 is linked to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.