HO-1 and its by-products, biliverdin are considered to have cytoprotective properties, such as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities in the context of lung disease (Ahmed et al., 2019), and are regulated by p38 MAPK (Cho et al., 2018; Nakashima et al., 2018). The gene discussed is HMOX1; the disease is lung disorder.