IL1B and acute respiratory distress syndrome: The pathogenesis of ALI is believed to be related to inflammation, oxidative stress, cell apoptosis, and hypoxia, involving major cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β, IL-9, and IL-8, as well as the chemokines, such as chemokine-2 (CCL-2), monocyte chemotactic factors (MIP), and macrophage chemoattractant protein (MCP).