Furthermore, PKM2 directly binds to histone H3 and phosphorylates histone H3, and this phosphorylation is required for the dissociation of HDAC3 from the c-Myc promoter regions, which induces expression of cyclin D1 and c-Myc, tumor cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and brain tumorigenesis (Yang, et al. 2012a, b). This evidence concerns the gene MYC and neoplasm.