Transcriptome profile analysis of Holstein Frisian cows (with and without clinical endometritis) at 42–60 days postpartum revealed that 92 genes including PTHLH, INHBA, DAPL1 and SERPINA1 were significantly upregulated (using quantitative RT-PCR) in clinical endometritis cows compared to the healthy animal group12. This evidence concerns the gene SERPINA1 and endometritis.