IL1B and osteoarthritis: Unfortunately, targeting these two cytokines has produced little clinical improvement in osteoarthritis trials, with little or no effects on pain and tissue repair.155,156 A more recent study, however, indicated a lower incidence of hip and knee replacement in a group treated with anti-IL-1β antibody compared with the placebo group.157 Clinically approved for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, an anti-IL-6-receptor, tocilizumab, is being assessed for clinical efficacy for osteoarthritis of the hand (NCT02477059).