The co-localising outcomes were taken forward to MR analysis, where increased genetically proxied GIP signalling (using variants given in ESM Tables 2–4) was associated with lower BMI (estimate and its 95% CI in SD units per halving the genetically proxied odds of type 2 diabetes = −0.16 [−0.30, −0.02]), CRP levels (−0.13 [−0.19, −0.08]) and triacylglycerol levels (−0.17 [−0.22, −0.12]), and higher HDL-C levels (0.19 [0.14, 0.25]; Fig. 1; ESM Table 4). This evidence concerns the gene CRP and type 2 diabetes mellitus.