GIP and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Similar results were obtained when using variant–exposure associations for HbA1c levels rather than for type 2 diabetes liability (Pearson correlation of the MR β estimates = 0.99; ESM Table 5; ESM Figs 1 and 2), and when using missense variant rs2291725 in GIP or eQTL variant rs12709891 in GIPR (ESM Tables 2 and 6; ESM Fig. 3).