AR and neoplasm: Among the genes covered by the panel (Table S3), copy number gain and loss were successfully identified in the plasma samples and tumor tissue samples, including gain of androgen receptor (AR, n = 8, 53%) and MYC (n = 7, 46%) and loss of key tumor suppressor genes such as RB1 (n = 8, 53%), PTEN (n = 8, 53%), and APC (n = 4, 27%), as shown in Figure 1A.