We show that this reduction in tumor growth was, as in 2D- and 3D-transformed growth assays, associated with a reduction in oncogenic KRAS signaling, namely we observed a reduction in P-ERK and P-AKT levels in tumors in which EFR3A, EFR3B, or both genes were inactivated (Fig. 3g). Here, EFR3B is linked to neoplasm.