In a study with melanoma patients using adaptive T cell transfer (ACT) therapy with MART1 antigen, a specific antigen in malignant melanoma, it was observed that patients resistant to immunotherapy generated dedifferentiation of tumor cells, which showed loss of the MART1 marker, a process derived after cytotoxic lymphocyte infiltration, and which appears to be dependent on TNF-α release in the tumor microenvironment [97]. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and melanoma.