Increases in B naïve cells, T follicular helper cells (Tfh), CD4 T memory (activated) cells, and CD8 T (p = 0.075) cells were detected in high-risk local pRCC tumors (Figure 8A), indicating persistent immune reactions towards tumors; this scenario is not uncommon, evident by the co-existence of ATM-derived tumor surveillance (antioncogenic actions) with oncogenic actions during cancer initiation and progression [48]. This evidence concerns the gene CD4 and cancer.