The results showed that S1PR1 mRNA and protein expression were mostly amplified in normal tissues, similar to E-cadherin expression, while N-cadherin, FN, SLUG, and SNAI1, which are mesenchymal markers, were higher in tumor tissues, suggesting a preliminary association between S1PR1 expression and EMT in bladder cancer (Figure 4D). Here, FN1 is linked to urinary bladder cancer.