Consistent with these findings, Chen et al. also reported that ‘proteoglycans in cancer’ and ‘PI3K-Akt signalling’ pathways were amongst the most significant pathways identified by meta-analysis of 88 gene expression and next generation sequencing data sets from sunitinib resistance studies containing both in vitro and inpatient-derived xenograft models [29]. Here, AKT1 is linked to cancer.