Important clinical progress was achieved in adults with BCR-ABL fusion positive chronic myeloid leukemia [7], HER2-positive breast cancer [8], lung cancer harboring EGFR mutations [9] or EML4-ALK translocations [10] as well as BRAF-V600E mutated melanoma with BRAF and MEK inhibitors [11]. This evidence concerns the gene BRAF and chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive.