Important clinical progress was achieved in adults with BCR-ABL fusion positive chronic myeloid leukemia [7], HER2-positive breast cancer [8], lung cancer harboring EGFR mutations [9] or EML4-ALK translocations [10] as well as BRAF-V600E mutated melanoma with BRAF and MEK inhibitors [11]. The gene discussed is BRAF; the disease is lung cancer.