Scalici et al. [134] showed that, in xenograft models, tumor burden was significantly reduced when mice were treated with a combination of carboplatin and α4β1 integrin function-blocking antibodies or vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), a glycoprotein found on the surface of endothelial cells that is a ligand for integrin α4β1. Here, VCAM1 is linked to neoplasm.