ATG3 and central nervous system cancer: We analyzed the staining of 3 groups of well-known autophagy-related proteins in healthy tissue (glial cells from brain cortex, hippocampus, and caudate) and low and high grade (which includes GBM) glioma tissue: pro-autophagic proteins AMBRA1 [60] and WIPI1 [61], autophagy effectors ATG3, ATG7, LC3A and p62, and lysosomal proteins LAMP1, LAMP2, and Rab7-a.