The chemokines belonging to the growth-related oncogene (GRO) subgroup of CXC chemokines, GRO-α/CXCL1, GRO-β/CXCL2, GRO-γ/CXCL3, were first identified as growth factors of melanoma cell lines, before being attributed neutrophil chemotactic activity [19]. This evidence concerns the gene CXCL1 and melanoma.