Moreover, we analyzed pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the plasma of Cdk5LysMCre and Cdk5flox mice during LPS-induced endotoxemia, since in vitro studies using c-Maf knockout macrophages showed elevated levels of Ccl5 and Il-1a in addition to Il-10 [11]. This evidence concerns the gene CCL5 and serum lipopolysaccharide activity.