FUS and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Genetic studies have identified a number of mutations causing familial, as well as sporadic, ALS [175]; among these, the most common are mutations of the following genes: C9orf72 (chromosome 9 open reading frame 72), SOD1 (superoxide dismutase 1), TARDBP (transactive response (TAR) DNA binding protein 43 kDa) and FUS (Fused in Sarcoma (FUS) RNA binding protein), responsible for 40%, 20%, ~6% and ~5% of fALS, respectively [176].