Trybus et al. [59], proved pro-apoptotic activity of emodin towards HeLa cervical cancer cells; whereas Ma et al. [60] observed that emodin induced apoptosis of fibroblasts obtained from patient with ankylosing spondylitis by increasing active caspase-9, active caspase-3, and bcl-2-like protein 4 (Bax) levels and downregulating Bcl-2. This evidence concerns the gene BAX and ankylosing spondylitis.