TNF and stroke disorder: Even though the depletion of microglia can worsen the stroke outcome, microglia can intensify neuroinflammation by upregulating MMPs and secreting pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which can worsen the outcome after stroke [74,82,83,84].