In order to determine and quantify the immune cell subtypes present in keloid tissue, we analyzed the following marker combinations: CD4+ T cells (CD3+, CD4+), CD8+ T cells (CD3+, CD8+), B cells (CD20+), NK cells (CD3−, CD56+), dermal DCs (CD1a+, CD11c+), monocytes/macrophages (Mo/MΦ) (CD14+, CD68+) and mast cells (CD117+). Here, NCAM1 is linked to keloid.