In human neurodegenerative disease, miRNA-146a has several known relevant and verified targets that include the 3′-UTRs of: (i) the complement factor H (CFH) mRNA involved in inflammation and the innate immune response; (ii) the membrane-spanning TSPAN-12 protein involved in amyloidogenesis and the clearance of amyloid beta peptides from brain cells; and (iii) the interleukin-1 receptor kinase IRAK-1 (with a compensatory increase in IRAK-2) involved in pathological NF-kB accumulation, signaling and neuro-inflammation [2,68,69,70,71]. Here, CFH is linked to neurodegenerative disease.