TGFB1 and schizophrenia: According to these criteria and based on the meta-analyses by Miller et al. and Goldsmith et al. [12,14],; state markers of schizophrenia may include elevated peripheral levels of IFN-γ and TGF-β, while lower IFN-γ levels relative to HCs observed in remission [14] may be the result of pharmacotherapy [48].