On the other hand, in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension, to adjust the RV afterload and wall stress, RV pathological remodeling and wall hypertrophy occur [71], and ECM biomarkers, such as matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9, decrease, while tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) increases significantly [72]. The gene discussed is TIMP1; the disease is chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.