In particular, kidney transplant recipients treated with mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors (mTOR-Is), particularly at high dosages, may develop pulmonary fibrosis (Pham et al., 2004; Weiner et al., 2007; Errasti et al., 2010; Xu et al., 2015; Tomei et al., 2016; Granata et al., 2018). Here, MTOR is linked to pulmonary fibrosis.