IGF2 and bacterial infectious disease: Additionally, being EMT regulated by several signaling factors such as TGF-β, epidermal growth factor (EGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), IL-1, connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-2), nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB) and Wnt (Nieto et al., 2016), pro-fibrotic mTOR-I-associated effects may be enhanced by concomitant pathological conditions including viral and bacterial infections.