Beyond cancer, it has been used in an attempt to target or inhibit UCHL1 in numerous disease models including for Parkinson’s disease [91–93], Alzheimer’s disease [94], spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), chronic liver disease [95], inflammatory disease [96], atrial fibrillation [97], cardiac disease [98–100] and lung injury [101]. Here, UCHL1 is linked to spinal muscular atrophy.