AFP and hepatocellular carcinoma: AFP and protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II (PIVKA-II), two HCC biomarkers, were analysed, and the PIVKA-II value of early-stage patients was lower than that in advanced-stage patients [84.50 (23.00, 374.25) mAU/mL vs. 512 (60.50, 4051.50) mAU/mL, P = 0.005] (Table 1).