CD4 and cranioectodermal dysplasia: CD39, expressed on gut‐ and blood‐derived gluten‐specific cells in untreated CeD patients, was not significantly increased in the RNA‐seq data, in line with our previous mass cytometry staining of Tetramer+ on d6.[8] This indicates that CD39 increases later and rather reflects chronic (untreated CeD) than recent (gluten challenge) activation of gluten‐specific CD4+ T cells in vivo, contrasting in vitro based studies on gluten‐specific CD4+ T cells.[22]