Interestingly, biological factors, such as age and female gender, that increase the risk of age-related cataract,6,8,42,43 also influence EPHA2 expression and/or signaling; EPHA2 expression reduces in mouse lens with age,30 and in cultured mammary epithelial cells, estrogen negatively regulates EPHA2 signaling.44 Here, EPHA2 is linked to Age-related cataract.