IFNA1 and tuberculosis: That the IFN modular signature fluctuated with time in Zak progressors potentially explains differing reports that type I/II IFN signaling and the complement cascade were elevated 18 mo before TB disease diagnosis in this cohort (Scriba et al., 2017), with others suggesting increased expression of complement genes in subclinical TB closer to diagnosis (Esmail et al., 2018).