With the advancement of 16S rRNA and shotgun metagenomics, researchers have confirmed that CRC patients are accompanied by gut microbiota dysbiosis, characterized by an increase in cancer-associated bacteria such as polyketide synthase Escherichia coli (pks+ E. coli), enterotoxigenic B. fragilis (ETBF), Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) and others, whereas protective or beneficial bacteria such as Clostridium Faecalibacterium are reduced (Janney et al., 2020). Here, ARAF is linked to colorectal carcinoma.