This progression is mediated by a decrease in local and systemic TNF-α levels, leading to a decrease in the expression of tumor endothelial adhesion molecules, especially intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and weakened leukocyte trafficking into the tumor, followed by a lower population of activated and effective CD8+T cells in tumors (91). Here, ICAM1 is linked to neoplasm.