For patients with previously untreated advanced NSCLC, the KEYNOTE-024 study reported that pembrolizumab resulted in significantly longer PFS and OS as well as fewer adverse events than platinum-based chemotherapy in those who had PD-L1 expression on at least 50% of tumor cells, establishing the role of PD-L1 TPS in the initial treatment of NSCLC (13). This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and neoplasm.