Conversely, combining anti-PD1/PDL1 with TKI therapy had a manageable safety profile and encouraging antitumor activity in other cancers, such as avelumab plus axitinib for advanced renal cell carcinoma and regorafenib plus nivolumab for advanced gastric or colorectal cancer (Motzer et al., 2019; Fukuoka et al., 2020). This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and renal cell carcinoma.