Understanding of the mechanisms whereby the TβR‐V mediates growth inhibition (tumor suppressor) signaling stimulated by IGFBP‐3 and TGF‐β should be important to elucidate the molecular basis of IGFBP‐3 and TGF‐β actions and to understand their roles in human cancers.19, 20. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and cancer.