In addition, PD-L1 is often abundantly expressed on immune cells and cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME).12, 13, 14 Expression of PD-L1 on the surface of cancer cells, myeloid cells, and lymphoid immune cells in the TME paralyzes the effector function of PD-1POS T cells. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is neoplasm.