Tumor exosomes are rich in TGF-β, caveolin-1 (CAV-1), hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1α), catenin β1, and latent membrane protein (LMP-1), which can upregulate the mesenchymal marker vimentin and downregulate the epithelial marker E-cadherin (Figure 1).22 Here, CAV1 is linked to neoplasm.