MCP-1 induces EMT and tumor cell invasion (especially triple-negative breast cancer) by binding to its receptor cysteine-cysteine chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2), promoting p44/p42 phosphorylation and inducing AMPK signal pathway, or mediate RK/GSK-3β/Snail signal pathway (Table 1) (48, 108). The gene discussed is CCL2; the disease is neoplasm.