TNF and infection: Laying hens is susceptible to infection by various pathogens and nonpathogens in the environment during the peak laying period, which stimulates the immune system to secrete excess inflammatory cytokines, e.g., interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-12, interferon (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-α), IL-1β, and inhibits anti-inflammation cytokines such as IL-10 production [6].