Notably, PSA response rates (even 4 weeks, 12 weeks, or maximal response rate) were used to evaluate the treatment response for patients with prostate cancer in previous studies [38, 39], so in LVD, even though PSA decline rate is not a major predictor for OS or disease progression in the present study, it might still have the role in treatment response evaluation. This evidence concerns the gene KLK3 and prostate carcinoma.