Some immune-associated cellular mechanisms triggered by p53 become dysfunctional when the protein is mutated, and can result in enhanced neoangiogenesis and ECM remodeling, disruption of innate tumor immunity, genotoxic stress response of the toll-like receptor (TLR) pathway, formation of pro-tumor macrophage signature and altered cell-mediated immunity in cancer (12). Here, TP53 is linked to neoplasm.