CXCL13 serum levels were significantly increased in pSS patients with rheumatoid factor (83.3 pg/ml vs 36.62 pg/ml in patients with rheumatoid factor vs those without, respectively, p=0.0009), hypocomplementemia (101.0 pg/ml vs 46.18 pg/ml, respectively, p=0.002), ESSDAI score≥5 (83.29 pg/ml vs 44.57 pg/ml, respectively, p=0.024) and NHL (87.00 pg/ml vs 55.87 pg/ml respectively, p=0.036), and marginally higher in pSS patients with hypergammaglobulinemia (75.0 pg/ml vs 40.26 pg/ml, respectively, p=0.073). The gene discussed is CXCL13; the disease is non-Hodgkin lymphoma.