SFTPD and acute respiratory distress syndrome: To address this issue, we in this study, for the first time, neutralized the endogenous SP-D in murine ALI by i.t. or i.p. injection of aSP-D neutralizing antibody and found that i.t. aSP-D, but not i.p. aSP-D, effectively reduced the severity of ALI and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, indicating the pro-inflammatory role of lung endogenous SP-D in ALI.