PRKAA1 and Hyperglycemia: The activation of AMPK in endothelial cells can trigger several biological effects that promote vascular homeostasis and angiogenesis, such as normalization of hyperglycemia-induced mitochondrial ROS production by induction of MnSOD and promotion of mitochondrial biogenesis (Kukidome et al., 2006), protection of hyperglycemia-induced endothelial cell apoptosis (Ido et al., 2002), improvement of the angiogenic functions of endothelial progenitor cells, and acceleration of diabetic wound healing (Yu et al., 2016).