TGFB1 and Myocardial fibrosis: Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is considered as one of the most effective cytokines in this process, and TGF-β1 and its receptor TGFβRs involves together in myocardial fibrosis is widely reported (Bujak and Frangogiannis, 2007; Dobaczewski et al., 2011; Ma et al., 2018).